Two monarchs, an engine,
and the tension between
control and autonomy
Possession of Chess is a living browser artwork built under Geoffrey Lillemon's long-running Oculart platform. Two bird-like monarchical figures sit across a chess table, their every gesture — thinking, screaming, moving, considering — sculpted by the artist like a sculptor would build a pose.
A JavaScript chess engine (Stockfish.js) plays against itself in real time, and each computational decision triggers the emotive posture of the figures, creating a perpetual voyeuristic match of art viewing and game watching.
The work sits in a lineage running from 18th-century automata through expanded puppeteering. Al Warburton recently described Lillemon as "a conductor of viscera," interested in "circuitous arts of energy transfer" — and that phrase describes exactly what happens here: decisions made by a chess engine translated into gestural motion for his bird monarchs.
Experience the Work
Best viewed on desktop. The artwork runs in real time — each session is unique.
"I like building autonomous systems in art. Setting conditions for behavior within the rules of an art concept. The tension between control and autonomy is where I feel like Dr. Frankenstein."
In Conversation
On the browser as a stage
In the late 90s, early 2000s, as artists we entered a new kind of expression in art. The polyrhythmic abilities of web design tools infused an animation into the life force of an artist canvas, thus turning on the voltage of what art can be. Suddenly what we made could be published outside of the traditional gallery realm and reach a more widespread audience of like-minded people — and with that there was an intimacy between those in the role of art spectator and those as fellow artists. An introvert's cage placed on the grand stage.
On how Possession of Chess works
All of the gestures of both players are posed in a way similar to how a sculptor would build out a pose. Thinking, screaming, moving, considering. So as an artist all of these decisions need an emotive consideration and posture. Once this framework is in place, behavioral compositions that are driven by Stockfish.js — which is a JavaScript engine that allows for real-time chess play — all of the decisions of the machine trigger the pose of the artistic motivation, thus creating a living work of voyeuristic match watching and art viewing.
On real-time vs. video
Real-time always felt more alive than video. Video is fixed. Real-time has infinite variation. It breathes but has compositional control like a painting — this polyrhythmic timing allows systems that drift slightly out of sync, compositions that have a life of their own. And that tension between control and autonomy is where I feel like Dr. Frankenstein.

Geoffrey Lillemon
Contemporary Digital Artist · Amsterdam
For over 25 years, Geoffrey Lillemon has worked at the intersection of art, code, VFX, and performance, contributing to the early wave of browser-based and interactive experimentation that treated the internet not as a platform for distribution, but as a primary artistic medium.
Operating under the moniker Oculart, he develops generative ecosystems in which code, CGI, and procedural logic function as expressive materials. Technology is often perceived as cold and optimized; Lillemon embeds themes of romance, theatricality, and vulnerability into computational systems. His works don't simulate life — they perform.
He co-founded Champagne Valentine, the pioneering digital studio that defined the visual language of the early internet, and served as Co-Founder and Executive Creative Director of the Department of New Realities at Wieden+Kennedy. His work in experiential design at Random Studio (2006–2020) shaped interactive retail and exhibition environments for Gucci, Chanel, and the Getty family.
- Stedelijk Museum — Permanent Collection, Amsterdam
- Centre Pompidou — Invité d'Honneur, Paris
- Grand Palais Immersif — Quantum Facelift, Paris
- Van Gogh Museum — Expansive Digital Commission
- Nxt Museum — Simulation in Blue, Amsterdam
- Eye Film Museum — Cinekid, Amsterdam
- Museo Tamayo — Mexico City
- MOCA Pacific Design Center — Los Angeles
- Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen — Rotterdam
- Visionaire / Cadillac House — New York
Beyonce, U2, Coldplay, Lady Gaga, Miley Cyrus (Bangerz World Tour), Travis Scott, Snoop Dogg, Nicki Minaj, MGMT
Gucci, Chanel, Iris van Herpen, Rick Owens, Jean Paul Gaultier, Bernhard Willhelm, Tim Burton, Adult Swim
Explore Oculart
Autonomous browser-based artworks by Geoffrey Lillemon. Each piece is a living system — best experienced on desktop.
Canon to the Eclipse
An autonomous digital wolf improvises on the piano by translating the math of Bach into real-time MIDI code. As the eclipse passes overhead, the audio engine mutates — dropping pitch, slowing tempo, injecting probability that forces the algorithm to hesitate.
Experience →Theater Cauldron
A WebGL drama meditation where three algorithmic performers harmonize a cauldron with spectral harmonics.
Experience →Vaudeville Seti
A browser-based performance that interprets signal data from SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) to control a ragdoll puppet in real time.
Experience →Selected Work & Collaborations
- Miley Cyrus — Bangerz World TourStage Direction
- Simulation in Blue — Nxt MuseumMuseum Commission
- Quantum Facelift — Grand Palais ImmersifSpatial Installation
- The New Freak ShowHolographic Performance
- Gucci, Chanel, Iris van HerpenFashion & Experiential
- Stedelijk Museum — Permanent CollectionMuseum Collection
Inquiries
ameesia@automata.art